![]() ![]() ![]() Examples of this class are Bourges, Exeter, York, Burgos, Pavia, and Magdeburg. A good example in mediaeval times is Aigues-Mortes, the artificial creation of St Louis of France, and, coming to the eighteenth century, yet another is found in Peter the Great’s famous, but ill-advised venture of St Petersburg (Peterburg or Petrograd).Īnother and very common type of city is that which has such great national importance that under civilised conditions it endures, but hardly reaches a position of world-wide consequence. Notable examples in Roman times are afforded by Aquilcia in Italy, Italica in Spain, which dwindled to insignificance in the first century Caesarea in Palestine, and Thamugadi (Timgad), and Volubilis in Africa. Alexander established numerous towns named after himself, but only one of them grew to the stature of a city of the first rank. ![]() Places of this type were represented in ancient Persia by Persepolis (“Persia City”), which was simply an artificial royal centre created by Darius the Great. Such cities may flourish for a period, but, with the passing away of the temporary conditions which led to their establishment, they shrink, and have often disappeared from the map save as sites of antiquarian interest. There are, and have been, cities which have sprung into existence at the dictate of a single will, or of a powerful government, to achieve some special purpose. The conformation of Britain and the position of the Thames estuary in relation to the Continent were the governing influences which brought about the beginnings of London. “The Beginnings of London” from Roman London by Gordon Home, 1926. It may contain outdated ideas and language that do not reflect TOTA’s opinions and beliefs. ![]() Note: This article has been excerpted from a larger work in the public domain and shared here due to its historical value. ![]()
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